Мотив бегства от реальности в русских романах ХХ–ХХI веков .......... 159

THE MOTIF OF ESCAPE FROM REALITY IN RUSSIAN NOVELS OF THE XX–XXI CENTURIES

The article proposes a comparison of one of the plot situations in the novels by M. Bulgakov The White Guard (1923), B. Pasternak Doctor Zhivago, M. Shishkin The Taking of Izmail (1998), E. Vodolazkin Laurus (2012) — a situation of escape from reality as a metaphor for the crisis of the ontological picture of the world as having universal laws and accessible to human understanding and active participation. The crisis caused by social absurdity brings the characters to an existential position of questioning being with an understanding of the absence of an answer, which determines the philosophical genre semantics of the works written in different historical periods of the post-classical socio-cultural situation. The profession of a doctor is a metaphor for a person’s intention to create life, which is perceived as an illusion. The collision of flight determines both the entire main novel situation and its cyclical repetition in the plot, which testifies to various attempts to find the meaning of existence and to the insolubility of the disintegration of man’s connection with empirical, natural reality and with the metaphysical component of existence.