Zadaniowe, działaniowe, mediacyjne… Podejścia do uczenia się i nauczania języków obcych w XXI wieku .......... 105

TASK-ORIENTED, ACTION-ORIENTED, MEDIATION-ORIENTED… APPROACHES TO LANGUAGE LEARNING AND TEACHING IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Towards the end of the last century, within the communicative methodology the need to adapt the language teaching system to the demands of a changing reality began to emerge. The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (Council of Europe, 2001) was to answer it. The document presented a new vision of communication and a new understanding of language users’ competences: communication is both language and social action; it also advised that they should be developed by means of ‘action-oriented approach’. However, the generic nature of the Council of Europe document and the erroneous Polish translation of the approach name have confused both researchers and practitioners. The purpose of this article is to pinpoint the source of confusion and to explain how the CEFR and its recent update, the CEFR – Companion Volume (2020), have actually broaden the scope of language education, particularly in reference to learners’ roles, language tasks and the nature of mediation and mediating activities.