RAMOWANIE WOJNY. JAK POLSKIE MEDIA INFORMACYJNE PREZENTOWAŁY KONFLIKT ZBROJNY ROSJI Z UKRAINĄ W PIERWSZYM ROKU JEGO TRWANIA .......... 18

FRAMING THE WAR: HOW POLISH NEWS MEDIA PRESENTED THE RUSSIA–UKRAINE ARMED CONFLICT IN ITS FIRST YEAR

The article extends the material scope of previous study on the media image of the armed conflict between Russia and Ukraine by analysing the content of two online news portals: Onet and Wirtualna Polska (WP). Its aim is to identify the interpretative frame used in the journalistic materials of the mentioned media entities. The study used a quantitative and qualitative content analysis method and frame analysis. The research was conducted on a 14-day stratified random sample from the first year of the conflict, i.e. 24 February 2022 through 23 February 2023. Additionally, materials from the first day of the armed conflict were analyzed. The research material was analyzed using the frame typology of Holli A. Semetko and Patti M. Valkenburg (frame of conflict, responsibility, economic consequences, moral, human interest). The findings confirm the use of all of the interpretive frames in the journalistic materials. The dominant frame for both portals remained the conflict frame, which was most often combined with either the human interest frame or the responsibility frame. The hierarchy of importance of the other interpretive frames was different for both news portals.