Kulturemy polskie a nauczanie języka polskiego jako obcego .......... 203

POLISH CULTUREMES AND TEACHING POLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

In Polish humanities research, linguistic culturemes have so far been described in ethnolinguistic terms and have been limited to listing these units rather than describing them in more detail, e.g. in dictionary form. This article concerns culturemes from a glottodidactic perspective. Following Els Oksaar, who is the creator of this concept, the following types of culturemes can be distinguished: 1) linguistic (Verbal), which are realized as single words and phraseologisms and more complex structures – sentences and texts; 2) paralinguistic (Parasprachlich), in a situation where the ways of behaving and speaking (including the subject matter and choice of vocabulary) are imposed by age, gender, and social roles; 3) non-linguistic (Nonverbal), which are realized through gestures and facial expressions, and 4) extralinguistic (Eztraverbal), including, for example, the rules of proxemics.