Dialekty Buchary w świetle europejskich XVIII- i XIX-wiecznych źródeł leksykograficznych
Keywords:
Bukhara, Iranian dialects, Uzbek dialects, lexicologySynopsis
BUKHARA DIALECTS IN LIGHT OF EUROPEAN 18TH AND 19TH CENTURY LEXICOGRAPHIC SOURCES
This work is devoted to the Bukhara dialects, described by 18th-century travelers, from the times of the decline of the Bukhara Khanate (18th-19th century). The state, which existed for more than four centuries and was founded by Uzbeks with its center in Mawarannahr, also covered other regions of Central Asia at various times. In the first half of the 18th century, it bordered on the north with the Khanate of Kokand, on the east with the Khanate of Badakhshan, on the south with Balkh (Kingdom of Afghanistan), and on the west with the Khanate of Khiva. The aim of this work is to characterize the lexis of both Bukhara dialects (Iranian and Uzbek) preserved in lexicographic works from the 18th to the early 20th century. Its analysis clearly indicates that the Uzbek dialect was heavily Iranianized, hence researchers (like Klaproth) had doubts whether it really belonged to a Turkic family. Similarly today, in Bukhara and Samarkand there is a phenomenon of bilingualism and even polylingualism, which not all researchers took into account. Hence, there were doubts as to what languages the Bukharians spoke. This book presents the dialectal analysis of the lexica characteristic of two Bukharan dialects, as well as the examples of these words in the explanatory dictionary, the etymology of the words, and their meanings.
Chapters
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ROZDZIAŁ I. JĘZYKI BUCHARY
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1. Buchara .......... 27
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2. Język sogdyjski .......... 30
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3. Język dari .......... 33
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4. Język tadżycki .......... 35
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5. Język uzbecki .......... 36
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6. Kwestia Sartów .......... 38
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ROZDZIAŁ II. ZAINTERESOWANIE EUROPEJCZYKÓW BUCHARIĄ. PIERWSZE OPRACOWANIA GEOGRAFICZNE I ETNOGRAFICZNE
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1. Johann Gottlieb Georgi, Geographisch-physikalische und naturhistorische Beschreibung des Russischen Reichs, ihrer Lebensart, Religion, Gebräuche, Wohnungen, Kleidungen und übrigen Merkwürdigkeiten (1776) .......... 47
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2. Nikolaj W. Chanykow, Opisanie Bucharskogo Chanstwa (1843) .......... 60
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3. Eugene Schuyler, Turkistan. Notes of a journey in Russian Turkistan, Khokand, Bukhara, and Kuldja (1877) .......... 62
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4. Alexander „Buchara” Burnes, Travels into Bokhara (1834) .......... 64
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5. Conrad Malte-Brun, Pré cis de la gé ographie universelle (1810–1829) .......... 65
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6. Johann Christoph Adelung, Mithridates, oder allgemeine Sprachenkunde (1806) .......... 68
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ROZDZIAŁ III. PIERWSZE PRACE LEKSYKOGRAFICZNE OPISUJĄCE DIALEKTY BUCHARSKIE
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1. Peter Simon Pallas i słownik Katarzyny II .......... 73
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2. Leksyka bucharska w słowniku Pallasa .......... 77
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3. Julius Heinrich Klaproth, Asia Polyglotta (1823) .......... 99
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4. Słowniczek bucharski w Asia Polyglotta Klaprotha .......... 104
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5. Ole Olufsen, A vocabulary of the dialect of Bokhara (1905) .......... 134
