Strategie językowe Kazachstanu – perspektywa dla dwujęzyczności .......... 175

KAZAKHSTAN’S LANGUAGE STRATEGIES – PROSPECTS FOR BILINGUALISM

The chapter analyses Kazakhstan’s language policy in the context of building a bilingual society, in which Kazakh coexists as the state language and Russian as the language commonly used in the public sphere. The author discusses the main language strategies adopted by the state, including legislative, educational and media measures aimed at strengthening the position of the Kazakh language while maintaining functional bilingualism. The chapter also analyses the tensions between national identity policy and social practices, drawing attention to the challenges of implementing language policy in the post-Soviet reality. The text also presents the prospects for the further development of bilingualism and the impact of these processes on social integration and the formation of a modern civic identity in Kazakhstan.